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What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics studies the relationship between language and context. It deals with questions like What do people mean by the words they use?<br><br>It's a philosophy of practical and reasonable action. It differs from idealism which is the idea that one must adhere to their principles regardless of what.<br><br>What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of the ways that people who speak get meaning from and with each other. It is often thought of as a part of a language, but it is different from semantics because pragmatics concentrates on what the user wants to convey, not on what the actual meaning is.<br><br>As a research field it is comparatively new and its research has been expanding rapidly over the past few decades. It is a language academic field but it has also affected research in other areas like sociolinguistics, psychology and the field of anthropology.<br><br>There are many different approaches to pragmatics that have contributed to the development and growth of this discipline. For example, one perspective is the Gricean approach to pragmatics that focuses on the concept of intention and how it relates to the speaker's understanding of the listener's. The lexical and concept approaches to pragmatics are also views on the topic. These views have contributed to the wide range of topics that pragmatics researchers have researched.<br><br>Research in pragmatics has focused on a variety of subjects, including L2 pragmatic comprehension,  [https://images.google.co.il/url?q=https://www.longisland.com/profile/cartquartz8 프라그마틱 무료게임] request production by EFL learners, and the role of theory of mind in both mental and physical metaphors. It can also be applied to various social and cultural phenomena, including political discourse, discriminatory language, and interpersonal communication. Researchers studying pragmatics have employed various methods from experimental to sociocultural.<br><br>Figure 9A-C demonstrates that the size of the knowledge base for pragmatics differs depending on which database is utilized. The US and the UK are among the top producers of pragmatics research, but their rankings differ by database. This is due to the fact that pragmatics is a multidisciplinary field that intersects with other disciplines.<br><br>This makes it difficult to determine the top pragmatics authors based on their number of publications alone. It is possible to determine influential authors by looking at their contributions to pragmatics. For instance, Bambini's contribution to pragmatics is a pioneering concept like conversational implicature and politeness theory. Grice, Saul, and Kasper are also influential authors of pragmatics.<br><br>What is Free Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics is more concerned with the contexts and the users of language than it is with truth, reference, or grammar. It examines the ways in which an expression can be understood as meaning different things in different contexts as well as those triggered by indexicality or [http://www.wudao28.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=447832 프라그마틱 슬롯체험] 게임 - [https://maps.google.com.qa/url?q=https://www.northwestu.edu/?URL=https://pragmatickr.com/ https://maps.google.Com.qa/url?q=https://www.northwestu.edu/?URL=https://pragmatickr.com], ambiguity. It also focuses on the strategies employed by listeners to determine which words have a meaning that is communicative. It is closely related to the theory of conversational implicature pioneered by Paul Grice.<br><br>The boundaries between these two disciplines is a matter of debate. While the distinction is widely known, it isn't always clear where they should be drawn. Some philosophers believe that the notion of meaning of sentences is a part of semantics, whereas other insist that this particular issue should be viewed as pragmatic.<br><br>Another area of controversy is whether the study of pragmatics is an linguistics-related branch or an aspect of philosophy of language. Some researchers have suggested that pragmatics is a discipline in its own right and that it should be considered distinct from the field of linguistics, alongside syntax, phonology, semantics and  [https://wikimapia.org/external_link?url=https://botdb.win/wiki/Whats_The_Fuss_About_Pragmatic_Return_Rate 프라그마틱 무료체험 슬롯버프] so on. Others, however, have claimed that the study of pragmatics should be considered part of the philosophy of language because it focuses on the ways that our ideas about the meaning and use of language affect our theories of how languages work.<br><br>There are several key aspects of the study of pragmatics that have fuelled many of the debates. For instance, some researchers have claimed that pragmatics isn't a discipline in and of itself since it examines the ways people interpret and use language, without referring to any facts about what is actually being said. This type of approach is known as far-side pragmatics. Some scholars, however have argued that this study should be considered an academic discipline since it studies how social and cultural influences affect the meaning and usage of language. This is called near-side pragmatics.<br><br>Other topics of discussion in pragmatics are the ways we think about the nature of the interpretation of utterances as an inferential process, and the role that primary pragmatic processes play in the determination of what is being said by an individual speaker in a sentence. These are topics that are discussed a bit more extensively in the papers written by Recanati and Bach. Both papers deal with the notions of saturation as well as free pragmatic enrichment. These are significant pragmatic processes in that they shape the meaning of a statement.<br><br>How is Free Pragmatics Different from Explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics focuses on the way in which context influences the meaning of language. It examines the way human language is used during social interaction as well as the relationship between speaker and interpreter. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are known as pragmaticians.<br><br>Over the years, a variety of theories of pragmatism have been developed. Some, such as Gricean pragmatics, focus on the communication intent of the speaker. Relevance Theory for instance is focused on the processes of understanding that occur when listeners interpret the meaning of utterances. Certain pragmatic approaches have been incorporated with other disciplines such as cognitive science or philosophy.<br><br>There are also differing opinions on the boundary between pragmatics and semantics. Morris is one philosopher who believes that semantics and pragmatism are two different subjects. He states that semantics is concerned with the relationship of signs to objects which they may or may not denote, whereas pragmatics is concerned with the usage of the words in context.<br><br>Other philosophers, such as Bach and Harnish have suggested that pragmatics is a field that is part of semantics. They define "near-side" and "far-side" pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics focuses on what is said, whereas far-side pragmatics concentrates on the logical implications of saying something. They claim that semantics is already determining the logical implications of a statement, whereas other pragmatics is determined by pragmatic processes.<br><br>One of the most important aspects of pragmatics is that it is context dependent. This means that a single word may have different meanings depending on the context, such as ambiguity or indexicality. Other factors that could alter the meaning of an expression include the structure of the discourse, speaker intentions and beliefs, and the expectations of the listener.<br><br>Another aspect of pragmatics is its particularity in culture. This is because each culture has its own rules about what is acceptable in various situations. For example, it is acceptable in certain cultures to keep eye contact but it is considered rude in other cultures.<br><br>There are many different perspectives on pragmatics and much research is being conducted in this field. Some of the main areas of research are computational and formal pragmatics as well as experimental and theoretical pragmatics; cross-linguistic and intercultural pragmatics; and pragmatics in the clinical and experimental sense.<br><br>How is free Pragmatics similar to explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The linguistic discipline of pragmatics is concerned with how meaning is conveyed through the use of language in a context. It examines the way in which the speaker's intentions and beliefs affect the interpretation, and focuses less on the grammatical aspects of the speech than on what is said. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are referred to as pragmaticians. The topic of pragmatics has a link to other areas of the study of linguistics such as semantics and syntax, or the philosophy of language.<br><br>In recent years the field of pragmatics has developed in many different directions. These include computational linguistics and  [https://postheaven.net/rootshelf0/14-smart-ways-to-spend-your-on-leftover-pragmatic-free-budget 프라그마틱 슬롯 조작] conversational pragmatics. There is a variety of research in these areas, which address issues such as the significance of lexical features and the interaction between language and discourse and the nature of the concept of meaning.<br><br>One of the most important issues in the philosophical discussion of pragmatics is whether or not it is possible to provide an exhaustive, systematic view of the semantics/pragmatics interface. Some philosophers have suggested that it isn't (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have suggested that the distinction between pragmatics and semantics is ill-defined and that semantics and pragmatics are in fact the same thing.<br><br>It is not unusual for scholars to go back and forth between these two views and argue that certain phenomena are either pragmatics or [http://magu.co.kr/gnu/bbs/board.php?bo_table=free&wr_id=82319 프라그마틱 무료게임] semantics. Some scholars argue that if a statement is interpreted with an actual truth conditional meaning, it is semantics. Others contend that the fact that a statement can be interpreted differently is pragmatics.<br><br>Other researchers in pragmatics have taken an alternative route. They claim that the truth-conditional interpretation of a statement is only one of many possible interpretations, and that all of them are valid. This method is often known as far-side pragmatics.<br><br>Recent work in pragmatics has attempted to integrate both approaches, attempting to capture the full range of possibilities for interpretation of a utterance by demonstrating how the speaker's intentions and beliefs influence the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. (2019) combine an Gricean game-theoretic model of the Rational Speech Act framework with technological advances from Franke and Bergen (2020). The model predicts that listeners will be entertained by a variety of exhausted parses of an utterance that contains the universal FCI Any. This is the reason why the exclusiveness implicature is so reliable when compared to other plausible implications.
What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of the relationship between language, context and meaning. It addresses questions such as what do people mean by the terms they use?<br><br>It's a philosophies of practical and reasonable actions. It differs from idealism which is the idea that one should stick to their beliefs regardless of what.<br><br>What is Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics is how people who speak a language interact and communicate with one with one another. It is typically thought of as a component of language, although it differs from semantics in the sense that pragmatics studies what the user intends to convey, not what the actual meaning is.<br><br>As a research area it is comparatively new and its research has grown rapidly over the past few decades. It is primarily an academic area of study within linguistics, however it also has an impact on research in other fields, such as speech-language pathology, psychology sociolinguistics and Anthropology.<br><br>There are a variety of approaches to pragmatics that have contributed to the growth and development of this discipline. For example, one perspective is the Gricean approach to pragmatics which focuses on the notion of intention and how it interacts with the speaker's understanding of the listener's. Other perspectives on pragmatics include conceptual and lexical aspects of pragmatics. These perspectives have contributed to the wide range of subjects that researchers in pragmatics have researched.<br><br>The study of pragmatics has covered a wide range of subjects, including pragmatic comprehension in L2 and demand production by EFL students, and [https://gm6699.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=3473930 프라그마틱 슬롯] 홈페이지 ([https://atomcraft.ru/user/incomecuban27/ click here to read]) the significance of the theory of mind in physical and mental metaphors. It is also applied to various social and cultural phenomena, including political discourse, discriminatory language, and interpersonal communication. Researchers studying pragmatics have employed diverse methodologies from experimental to sociocultural.<br><br>The amount of knowledge base in pragmatics differs according to the database, as illustrated in Figure 9A-C. The US and the UK are two of the top performers in pragmatics research. However, their ranking is dependent on the database. This is due to pragmatics being an interconnected field that connects other disciplines.<br><br>This makes it difficult to rank the top authors of pragmatics according to the number of publications they have. It is possible to identify influential authors by examining their contributions to pragmatics. Bambini is one example. He has contributed to pragmatics with concepts such as conversational implicititure and politeness theories. Other highly influential authors in the field of pragmatics include Grice, Saul and Kasper.<br><br>What is Free Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics is focused on the users and contexts of language usage instead of focusing on reference, truth, or grammar. It focuses on the ways in which an phrase can be understood to mean various things depending on the context and 슬롯 - [https://www.dermandar.com/user/couchcolony6/ dermandar.com] - also those caused by ambiguity or indexicality. It also focuses on the strategies that listeners employ to determine whether words are meant to be communicated. It is closely connected to the theory of conversational implicature developed by Paul Grice.<br><br>The boundaries between these two disciplines are a subject of debate. While the distinction is well-known, it is not always clear where they should be drawn. For instance, some philosophers have argued that the concept of sentence meaning is an aspect of semantics while others have argued that this type of thing should be viewed as a pragmatic issue.<br><br>Another issue is whether pragmatics is a subfield of philosophy of languages or a part of the study of the study of linguistics. Some researchers have suggested that pragmatics is a discipline in its own right and that it should be treated as distinct from linguistics alongside phonology, syntax, semantics and more. Others have argued that the study of pragmatics is a component of philosophy because it deals with how our notions of the meaning and use of languages influence our theories of how languages function.<br><br>The debate has been fuelled by a few key issues that are fundamental to the study of pragmatics. For instance, some researchers have suggested that pragmatics isn't an academic discipline in its own right because it studies the ways in which people interpret and use language, without being able to provide any information about what is actually being said. This type of approach is referred to as far-side pragmatics. Some scholars, however have argued that this field ought to be considered a discipline of its own because it studies how social and cultural influences influence the meaning and usage of language. This is referred to as near-side pragmatics.<br><br>The field of pragmatics also discusses the inferential nature of utterances as well as the importance of the primary pragmatic processes in determining the meaning of what a speaker is expressing in a sentence. These are issues that are addressed in greater detail in the papers written by Recanati and Bach. Both papers explore the notions the concept of saturation and free enrichment in the context of a pragmatic. These are significant pragmatic processes that shape the meaning of utterances.<br><br>How is Free Pragmatics Different from Explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics is how the context affects the meaning of linguistics. It analyzes how human language is utilized in social interactions, as well as the relationship between the interpreter and the speaker. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are known as pragmaticians.<br><br>Over the years, many different theories of pragmatism were developed. Some, like Gricean pragmatics, concentrate on the communication intention of the speaker. Others, such as Relevance Theory are focused on the processes of understanding that occur during utterance interpretation by hearers. Some approaches to pragmatics have been combined with other disciplines, including philosophy and cognitive science.<br><br>There are also a variety of opinions regarding the boundaries between semantics and pragmatics. Morris is one philosopher who believes that semantics and pragmatism are two different topics. He says that semantics deal with the relation of signs to objects that they could or not denote, whereas pragmatics is concerned with the use of the words in context.<br><br>Other philosophers like Bach and Harnish have argued that pragmatism is a subfield of semantics. They distinguish between "near-side" and "far-side" pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics concentrates on what is said, whereas far-side pragmatics concentrates on the logical consequences of saying something. They argue that some of the 'pragmatics' that accompany an utterance is already determined by semantics, while the rest is defined by the processes of inference.<br><br>One of the most important aspects of pragmatics is that it is a context-dependent phenomenon. This means that a single word could have different meanings based on factors such as indexicality or ambiguity. Other factors that could alter the meaning of an expression are the structure of the speech, the speaker's intentions and beliefs, as well as the expectations of the listener.<br><br>Another aspect of pragmatics is its particularity in culture. It is because each culture has its own rules regarding what is acceptable in various situations. In some cultures, it's acceptable to keep eye contact. In other cultures,  [https://doodleordie.com/profile/raybank68 프라그마틱 순위] it's considered rude.<br><br>There are numerous perspectives on pragmatics and much research is being conducted in this area. The main areas of study are: formal and computational pragmatics; theoretical and experimental pragmatics; cross-linguistic and intercultural pragmatics; as well as clinical and experimental pragmatics.<br><br>How is Free Pragmatics Similar to Explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The discipline of pragmatics in linguistics is concerned with how meaning is conveyed through the use of language in a context. It examines the ways in which the speaker's intention and beliefs influence interpretation, focusing less on grammatical features of the utterance than on what is said. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are referred to as pragmaticians. The subject of pragmatics is related to other linguistics areas, like syntax, semantics and the philosophy of language.<br><br>In recent times the field of pragmatics has evolved in a variety of directions. These include conversational pragmatics and computational linguistics. These areas are distinguished by a variety of research, which focuses on topics such as lexical features and the interaction between discourse, language, and meaning.<br><br>One of the most important questions in the philosophical discussion of pragmatics is whether it is possible to provide an exhaustive,  [https://raumlaborlaw.com/bbs/board.php?bo_table=free&wr_id=1622287 프라그마틱 홈페이지] systematic view of the semantics/pragmatics interface. Some philosophers have argued that it isn't (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have claimed that the distinction between semantics and pragmatics is ill-defined and [http://wiki.team2102.org/index.php?title=Pragmatic_Slots_Site_101:_The_Ultimate_Guide_For_Beginners 프라그마틱 홈페이지] that semantics and pragmatics are in fact the identical.<br><br>It is not unusual for scholars to debate between these two positions and argue that certain phenomena fall under either pragmatics or semantics. For example, some scholars argue that if an expression has a literal truth-conditional meaning then it is semantics, whereas other argue that the fact that an utterance could be interpreted in different ways is pragmatics.<br><br>Other researchers in pragmatics have taken an alternative route. They argue that the truth-conditional interpretation for a statement is just one of many possible interpretations and that they are all valid. This is sometimes referred to as "far-side pragmatics".<br><br>Recent research in pragmatics has sought to integrate semantic and distant side approaches. It attempts to capture the entire range of interpretive possibilities that a speaker's speech can offer by illustrating how the speaker's beliefs as well as intentions influence the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. The 2019 version is an Gricean model of the Rational Speech Act framework, and technological advances developed by Franke and Bergen. This model predicts that listeners will consider a range of possible exhaustified versions of a speech that contains the universal FCI any, and that this is what makes the exclusiveness implicature so reliable when compared to other plausible implicatures.

Latest revision as of 12:15, 14 February 2025

What is Pragmatics?

Pragmatics is the study of the relationship between language, context and meaning. It addresses questions such as what do people mean by the terms they use?

It's a philosophies of practical and reasonable actions. It differs from idealism which is the idea that one should stick to their beliefs regardless of what.

What is Pragmatics?

The study of pragmatics is how people who speak a language interact and communicate with one with one another. It is typically thought of as a component of language, although it differs from semantics in the sense that pragmatics studies what the user intends to convey, not what the actual meaning is.

As a research area it is comparatively new and its research has grown rapidly over the past few decades. It is primarily an academic area of study within linguistics, however it also has an impact on research in other fields, such as speech-language pathology, psychology sociolinguistics and Anthropology.

There are a variety of approaches to pragmatics that have contributed to the growth and development of this discipline. For example, one perspective is the Gricean approach to pragmatics which focuses on the notion of intention and how it interacts with the speaker's understanding of the listener's. Other perspectives on pragmatics include conceptual and lexical aspects of pragmatics. These perspectives have contributed to the wide range of subjects that researchers in pragmatics have researched.

The study of pragmatics has covered a wide range of subjects, including pragmatic comprehension in L2 and demand production by EFL students, and 프라그마틱 슬롯 홈페이지 (click here to read) the significance of the theory of mind in physical and mental metaphors. It is also applied to various social and cultural phenomena, including political discourse, discriminatory language, and interpersonal communication. Researchers studying pragmatics have employed diverse methodologies from experimental to sociocultural.

The amount of knowledge base in pragmatics differs according to the database, as illustrated in Figure 9A-C. The US and the UK are two of the top performers in pragmatics research. However, their ranking is dependent on the database. This is due to pragmatics being an interconnected field that connects other disciplines.

This makes it difficult to rank the top authors of pragmatics according to the number of publications they have. It is possible to identify influential authors by examining their contributions to pragmatics. Bambini is one example. He has contributed to pragmatics with concepts such as conversational implicititure and politeness theories. Other highly influential authors in the field of pragmatics include Grice, Saul and Kasper.

What is Free Pragmatics?

The study of pragmatics is focused on the users and contexts of language usage instead of focusing on reference, truth, or grammar. It focuses on the ways in which an phrase can be understood to mean various things depending on the context and 슬롯 - dermandar.com - also those caused by ambiguity or indexicality. It also focuses on the strategies that listeners employ to determine whether words are meant to be communicated. It is closely connected to the theory of conversational implicature developed by Paul Grice.

The boundaries between these two disciplines are a subject of debate. While the distinction is well-known, it is not always clear where they should be drawn. For instance, some philosophers have argued that the concept of sentence meaning is an aspect of semantics while others have argued that this type of thing should be viewed as a pragmatic issue.

Another issue is whether pragmatics is a subfield of philosophy of languages or a part of the study of the study of linguistics. Some researchers have suggested that pragmatics is a discipline in its own right and that it should be treated as distinct from linguistics alongside phonology, syntax, semantics and more. Others have argued that the study of pragmatics is a component of philosophy because it deals with how our notions of the meaning and use of languages influence our theories of how languages function.

The debate has been fuelled by a few key issues that are fundamental to the study of pragmatics. For instance, some researchers have suggested that pragmatics isn't an academic discipline in its own right because it studies the ways in which people interpret and use language, without being able to provide any information about what is actually being said. This type of approach is referred to as far-side pragmatics. Some scholars, however have argued that this field ought to be considered a discipline of its own because it studies how social and cultural influences influence the meaning and usage of language. This is referred to as near-side pragmatics.

The field of pragmatics also discusses the inferential nature of utterances as well as the importance of the primary pragmatic processes in determining the meaning of what a speaker is expressing in a sentence. These are issues that are addressed in greater detail in the papers written by Recanati and Bach. Both papers explore the notions the concept of saturation and free enrichment in the context of a pragmatic. These are significant pragmatic processes that shape the meaning of utterances.

How is Free Pragmatics Different from Explanatory Pragmatics?

The study of pragmatics is how the context affects the meaning of linguistics. It analyzes how human language is utilized in social interactions, as well as the relationship between the interpreter and the speaker. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are known as pragmaticians.

Over the years, many different theories of pragmatism were developed. Some, like Gricean pragmatics, concentrate on the communication intention of the speaker. Others, such as Relevance Theory are focused on the processes of understanding that occur during utterance interpretation by hearers. Some approaches to pragmatics have been combined with other disciplines, including philosophy and cognitive science.

There are also a variety of opinions regarding the boundaries between semantics and pragmatics. Morris is one philosopher who believes that semantics and pragmatism are two different topics. He says that semantics deal with the relation of signs to objects that they could or not denote, whereas pragmatics is concerned with the use of the words in context.

Other philosophers like Bach and Harnish have argued that pragmatism is a subfield of semantics. They distinguish between "near-side" and "far-side" pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics concentrates on what is said, whereas far-side pragmatics concentrates on the logical consequences of saying something. They argue that some of the 'pragmatics' that accompany an utterance is already determined by semantics, while the rest is defined by the processes of inference.

One of the most important aspects of pragmatics is that it is a context-dependent phenomenon. This means that a single word could have different meanings based on factors such as indexicality or ambiguity. Other factors that could alter the meaning of an expression are the structure of the speech, the speaker's intentions and beliefs, as well as the expectations of the listener.

Another aspect of pragmatics is its particularity in culture. It is because each culture has its own rules regarding what is acceptable in various situations. In some cultures, it's acceptable to keep eye contact. In other cultures, 프라그마틱 순위 it's considered rude.

There are numerous perspectives on pragmatics and much research is being conducted in this area. The main areas of study are: formal and computational pragmatics; theoretical and experimental pragmatics; cross-linguistic and intercultural pragmatics; as well as clinical and experimental pragmatics.

How is Free Pragmatics Similar to Explanatory Pragmatics?

The discipline of pragmatics in linguistics is concerned with how meaning is conveyed through the use of language in a context. It examines the ways in which the speaker's intention and beliefs influence interpretation, focusing less on grammatical features of the utterance than on what is said. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are referred to as pragmaticians. The subject of pragmatics is related to other linguistics areas, like syntax, semantics and the philosophy of language.

In recent times the field of pragmatics has evolved in a variety of directions. These include conversational pragmatics and computational linguistics. These areas are distinguished by a variety of research, which focuses on topics such as lexical features and the interaction between discourse, language, and meaning.

One of the most important questions in the philosophical discussion of pragmatics is whether it is possible to provide an exhaustive, 프라그마틱 홈페이지 systematic view of the semantics/pragmatics interface. Some philosophers have argued that it isn't (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have claimed that the distinction between semantics and pragmatics is ill-defined and 프라그마틱 홈페이지 that semantics and pragmatics are in fact the identical.

It is not unusual for scholars to debate between these two positions and argue that certain phenomena fall under either pragmatics or semantics. For example, some scholars argue that if an expression has a literal truth-conditional meaning then it is semantics, whereas other argue that the fact that an utterance could be interpreted in different ways is pragmatics.

Other researchers in pragmatics have taken an alternative route. They argue that the truth-conditional interpretation for a statement is just one of many possible interpretations and that they are all valid. This is sometimes referred to as "far-side pragmatics".

Recent research in pragmatics has sought to integrate semantic and distant side approaches. It attempts to capture the entire range of interpretive possibilities that a speaker's speech can offer by illustrating how the speaker's beliefs as well as intentions influence the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. The 2019 version is an Gricean model of the Rational Speech Act framework, and technological advances developed by Franke and Bergen. This model predicts that listeners will consider a range of possible exhaustified versions of a speech that contains the universal FCI any, and that this is what makes the exclusiveness implicature so reliable when compared to other plausible implicatures.